Climate change is a growing pressure on the agricultural industry. Aiming to deliver crops adapted to changing environments, the EU-funded Root2Res project will enhance the resilience of rotational cropping systems. It will consider the relevant root traits with respect to the impact of climate change. Innovations include phenotyping, genetic and modelling tools that will help breeders evaluate novel and existing genotypes of a range of crops (cereals, potatoes, legumes) as root ideotypes for different soil and climatic environments across Europe. It will also investigate the potential role of emerging crops (sweet potato, lentil) to enhance resilience to environmental change.